Smile aims to build the foundation for children living in Japan to express themselves in English. One key to that goal is a systematic curriculum and lesson design that promotes awareness. The curriculum is organized into Smile 1–3 (Part 1) and Smile 4–6 (Part 2). Part 1 focuses on basic vocabulary understanding and retention, and familiarity with core expressions. Part 2 focuses on organizing basic expressions using known words and deepening understanding.
Smile also presents an original grammar sequence that considers Japanese children’s mother-tongue acquisition order and cognitive development—distinct from the typical order in junior-high English classes.
For example, Smile 1 begins with “How many…?”. Junior-high courses often start with “What…?”. Counting comes first because, for first graders, counting visible objects is clearer and easier to grasp than the more open-ended What.
With this approach, by the end of the series children can experience expressions up to junior-high graduation level (Eiken Grade 3) without undue strain.
Knowing many words is essential for smooth communication. Across Smile, children encounter more than 3,000 words—about four to five times the 600–700 words recommended in the elementary Course of Study. These are everyday words, not abstract vocabulary typically taught later, so they matter greatly for self-expression.
Becoming familiar with longer texts in elementary school also matters. In Smile 6, children listen to and read passages of about 350 words to build gist comprehension.
<Receptive and productive vocabulary>
The Course of Study calls for developing both receptive and productive vocabulary so learners can communicate effectively with a rich lexicon.
Receptive vocabulary is words understood when listening or reading—linked to listening and reading skills. Words whose meaning is clear when reading a book or hearing someone speak are receptive vocabulary.
Productive vocabulary is words used when speaking or writing—linked to speaking and writing. Words used in conversation or essays are productive vocabulary. Both are needed for communication; because productive vocabulary is generally included within receptive vocabulary, experiencing many words first is important.